Ketones

Ketones: metabolism's ugly duckling.

Ketones were first discovered in the urine of diabetic patients in the mid-19th century; for almost 50 years thereafter, they were thought to be abnormal and undesirable by-products of incomplete fat oxidation. In the early 20th century, however, they were recognized as normal circulating metabolites produced by liver and readily utilized by extrahepatic tissues. In the 1920s, a drastic "hyperk...

Diphenylphosphinoyl-mediated synthesis of ketones.

alpha-Diphenylphosphinoyl ketones are selectively and sequentially alkylated at the alpha-position. Double lithiation and selective alkylation occurs at the less stabilised gamma-position. Dephosphinoylation of the alkylation products gives ketones. Mono-alkylation is selective, highly crystalline intermediates are formed and a one-pot strategy is possible. The method is ideally suited for the ...

Heterotrophic Production of Methyl Ketones

Ketones suppress brain glucose consumption.

The brain is dependent on glucose as a primary energy substrate, but is capable of utilizing ketones such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta HB) and acetoacetate (AcAc), as occurs with fasting, prolonged starvation or chronic feeding of a high fat/low carbohydrate diet (ketogenic diet). In this study, the local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose consumption (CMRglu; microM/min/100g) was calculated i...

nBu4NI-catalyzed oxidative imidation of ketones with imides: synthesis of α-amino ketones.

nBu4NI-Catalyzed oxidative imidation of ketones and imides for the synthesis of α-amino ketones were realized for the first time. The methodology is characterized by its wide substrate scope even for acetone with readily available phthalimide, saccharin and succinimide, which opens a new pathway for direct imidation of ketones.